Identification
Mud wasps are a subset of wasps that are known for their unique mud nests. They range from 0.5 to 1.5 inches in length and have a slim, elongated shape. The species within the Sceliphron genera tend to be black or metallic green with yellow or bright orange markings, while those in the Trypoxylon genera are typically shiny black. Their wings can be clear or have a smoky hue.
Their mud nests are the most identifying feature. These nests are small, cylindrical, and are often found on the sides of buildings, under eaves, or within other sheltered areas. Each nest is composed of multiple cells made from mud, with each cell typically containing one egg and several paralysed spiders or insects as food for the emerging larvae.
The common term “Mud Wasps” refers to several genera within the family Sphecidae and Crabronidae. This includes but is not limited to, Sceliphron and Trypoxylon species.
Lifecycle
Mud wasps have a complete metamorphosis cycle: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. After the female mud wasp builds the mud nest, she hunts for spiders or other small insects, paralyzes them with her venom, and seals them in the mud cells with her eggs. When the eggs hatch, the larvae consume the provisioned food until they pupate. After pupating, the adult wasps emerge from the mud cells. Mud wasps typically have one or two generations per year, with adults usually emerging in the spring or summer.
Habitat
Mud wasps can be found worldwide. They prefer warm climates and are commonly found in areas with abundant mud for nest building. They are solitary wasps, meaning they do not live in large colonies like some other wasp species.
Extermination Techniques
Mud wasps are generally non-aggressive and beneficial as they help control spider populations. Mud wasps are predators, and their primary source of food consists of spiders. They actively hunt and capture spiders, paralyze them with their venom, and then place them inside the cells of their mud nests as provisions for their offspring. By preying on spiders, mud wasps can contribute to the natural control of spider populations in their surrounding environments. However, if their nests pose a threat to human activities or structures, control may be necessary.
- Physical Removal: This involves carefully removing the mud nest and relocating it. This method is best done in early spring before the wasps have fully emerged, or in the fall when the adults have left.
- Pesticides: Aerosol sprays specifically designed for wasp nests can be effective. Spraying should be done at night when the wasps are less active, and protective clothing should be worn.
- Professional Pest Control: If the nest is large or in a difficult-to-reach area, it may be best to hire a professional wasp control service.
Always remember, safety is a priority when dealing with wasps. If you are allergic to wasp stings, do not attempt to exterminate or move the nest yourself.
FAQs
Mud wasps are not usually aggressive and tend to only sting when provoked or threatened. However, like many other wasps, they can sting multiple times. Individuals who are allergic to wasp stings should be cautious.
Adult mud wasps feed on nectar and pollen, while their larvae feed on spiders or small insects that have been provisioned in their mud cells by the mother wasp.
Although mud wasps do not cause significant structural damage, their mud nests can stain or discolor surfaces. They can be a nuisance if they nest in high-traffic areas or on buildings.
If you have seen Mud Wasps on or near your property, you should call Arete Pest Control and let our wasp control technicians help.